Agroforestry as Scientific Tool for Promoting Sustainable Livelihood in Rural Communities: A Review

Agroforestry, the integrated cultivation of trees and shrubs alongside crops and livestock, has emerged as a scientifically grounded and multifunctional land-use system that supports sustainable rural livelihoods. This review explores the scientific foundations and socio-economic impacts of agroforestry, highlighting its role in soil fertility enhancement, climate change mitigation, water management, and biodiversity conservation. It also emphasizes innovative approaches such as silvi-medicinal systems, geospatial monitoring tools, and participatory methods that empower rural communities. Having several benefits, agroforestry faces challenges also including limited financial support, insecure land tenure, and inadequate extension services. Addressing these issues through education, capacity building, and policy support can ensure the successful adoption of agroforestry as a climate-resilient and economically viable strategy for sustainable rural development Agroforestry contributes significantly to carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable resource management. Through a synthesis of empirical evidence and case studies, the study highlights agroforestry's transformative potential when scientifically informed and locally adapted. It reinforces agroforestry as a strategic tool for advancing rural development and achieving long-term sustainability in alignment with global development goals.